In OS X, a Cocoa subsystem called the document architecture provides support for apps that manage documents, which are containers for user data that can be stored in files locally and in iCloud.
Most people that wish to learn Cocoa programming are looking to program for the iOS mobile platform and material on developing specifically for the Mac OS X platform is scarce. I had made a couple of attempts to learn OS X programming in the past but found Objective C off-putting, but the arrival of Apple's new language Swift encouraged me to.
Aaron Hillegass (Atlanta, GA), founder of Big Nerd Ranch and a former employee at NeXT and Apple, has nearly two decades' experience programming and teaching Objective-C, Cocoa, and, more recently, iOS. Aaron is the co-author of Cocoa Programming for Mac OS X and Objective-C Programming. About Printing on the Mac. Like many other technologies in OS X, printing technology is layered. The top layer is the custom application code that you write to generate the printed output you want. The AppKit layer provides the printing classes that Cocoa apps use to print. That layer is the focus of this book. This repository contains the solutions and errata for Cocoa Programming for OS X - The Big Nerd Ranch Guide, 5th Edition, by Aaron Hillegass, Adam Preble, and Nate Chandler. Solutions for exercises can be found in the folder corresponding to that chapter. Read Cocoa Programming for Mac OS X Ebook Free. PDF Download Cocoa Programming for OS X: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide (5th Edition) (Big Nerd.
At a Glance
Document-based apps handle multiple documents, each in its own window, and often display more than one document at a time. Although these apps embody many complex behaviors, the document architecture provides many of their capabilities “for free,” requiring little additional effort in design and implementation.
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The Model-View-Controller Pattern Is Basic to a Document-Based App
The Cocoa document architecture uses the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern in which model objects encapsulate the app’s data, view objects display the data, and controller objects act as intermediaries between the view and model objects. A document, an instance of an NSDocument
subclass, is a controller that manages the app’s data model. Adhering to the MVC design pattern enables your app to fit seamlessly into the document architecture.
Relevant Chapters:Designing a Document-Based App and The Classes That Support Document-Based Apps
Xcode Supports Coding and Configuring Your App
Taking advantage of the support provided by Xcode, including a document-based application template and interfaces for configuring app data, you can create a document-based app without having to write much code. In Xcode you design your app’s user interface in a graphical editor, specify entitlements for resources such as the App Sandbox and iCloud, and configure the app’s property list, which specifies global app keys and other information, such as document types.
You Must Subclass NSDocument
Document-based apps in Cocoa are built around a subclass of NSDocument
that you implement. In particular, you must override one document reading method and one document writing method. You must design and implement your app’s data model, whether it is simply a single text-storage object or a complex object graph containing disparate data types. When your reading method receives a request, it takes data provided by the framework and loads it appropriately into your object model. Conversely, your writing method takes your app’s model data and provides it to the framework’s machinery for writing to a document file, whether it is located only in your local file system or in iCloud.
Relevant Chapters:Creating the Subclass of NSDocument and The Classes That Support Document-Based Apps
NSDocument Provides Core Behavior and Customization Opportunities
The Cocoa document architecture provides your app with many built-in features, such as autosaving, asynchronous document reading and writing, file coordination, and multilevel undo support. In most cases, it is trivial to opt-in to these behaviors. If your app has particular requirements beyond the defaults, the document architecture provides many opportunities for extending and customizing your app’s capabilities through mechanisms such as delegation, subclassing and overriding existing methods with custom implementations, and integration of custom objects.
Relevant Chapters:Core App Behaviors and Alternative Design Considerations
Prerequisites
Before you read this document, you should be familiar with the information presented in Mac App Programming Guide.
See Also
See Document-Based App Programming Guide for iOS for information about how to develop a document-based app for iOS using the UIDocument
class.
For information about iCloud, see iCloud Design Guide.
File Metadata Search Programming Guide describes how to conduct searches using the NSMetadataQuery
class and related classes. You use metadata queries to locate an app’s documents stored in iCloud.
For information about how to publish your app in the App Store, see App Distribution Guide.
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Important:This document may not represent best practices for current development. Links to downloads and other resources may no longer be valid.
Important: This document may not represent best practices for current development. Links to downloads and other resources may no longer be valid.
To a developer new to it, Cocoa might seem like a vast, uncharted new world of technology. The features, tools, concepts, designs, terminology, programming interfaces, and even programming language of this development environment may all be unfamiliar. Cocoa Fundamentals Guide eases the initial steps to Cocoa proficiency. It provides an orientation to the technological landscape that is Cocoa. It introduces its features, basic concepts, terminology, architectures, and underlying design patterns.
You can build Cocoa applications for two platforms: the OS X operating system and iOS, the operating system for Multi-Touch devices such as iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. Cocoa Fundamentals Guide presents Cocoa-related information for both platforms, integrating the information as much as possible and pointing out platform differences when necessary. The intent is that, as you become familiar with Cocoa for one platform, it will become easier to transfer that knowledge to software development for the other platform.
Cocoa Fundamentals Guide is structured to lead gradually to a general understanding of what Cocoa development is all about. It starts with the most basic information—what Cocoa is in terms of its components and capabilities—and ends with an examination of its major architectures. Each chapter builds on what was explained in previous chapters. Each section gives the important details about a subject, yet describes it at only a high level. A section frequently refers you to another document that offers a more comprehensive description.
In the set of Cocoa developer documentation, Cocoa Fundamentals Guide is the conceptual entry-point document. It is prerequisite reading for other essential Cocoa guides, such as Cocoa Drawing Guide, View Programming Guide, and App Programming Guide for iOS. Cocoa Fundamentals Guide assumes little in terms of prerequisite reading, but readers should be proficient C programmers and should be familiar with the capabilities and technologies of the platform they will be developing for. For OS X, you can acquire this familiarity by reading Mac Technology Overview; for iOS, read iOS Technology Overview.
Organization of This Document
Cocoa Fundamentals Guide has the following chapters:
What Is Cocoa? introduces Cocoa from a functional and broadly architectural perspective, describing its features, frameworks, and development environment.
Cocoa Objects explains the advantages and basic use of Objective-C, plus the common behavior, interface, and life cycle of all Cocoa objects.
Adding Behavior to a Cocoa Program describes what it's like to write a program using a Cocoa framework and explains how to create a subclass.
Cocoa Design Patterns describes the Cocoa adaptations of design patterns, especially Model-View-Controller and object modeling.
Communicating with Objects discusses the programming interfaces and mechanisms for communication between Cocoa objects, including delegation, notification, and bindings.
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See Also
You can find several excellent third-party introductions to Cocoa in technical book stores. You can use these books to supplement what you learn in Cocoa Fundamentals Guide. In addition, there are a few other Apple publications that you should read when starting out as a Cocoa developer:
The Objective-C Programming Language describes the Objective-C programming language and runtime environment.
Model Object Implementation Guide discusses basic issues of subclass design and implementation.
Developing Cocoa Objective-C Applications: A Tutorial shows you how to build a simple Cocoa application for OS X using the Xcode development environment, the Cocoa frameworks, and Objective-C. Your First iOS App is a tutorial that guides you through the creation of a simple iOS application, showing you along the way the basics of the Xcode development environment, Objective-C, and the Cocoa frameworks.
App Programming Guide for iOS presents information specific to the frameworks used to develop applications for devices running iOS.
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